Mexico is the third largest country in Latin America, after Brazil and Argentina, and it is a major global power in terms of energy and minerals. It is a federal country in terms of its political system, divided into 31 states and one federal district (the capital, Mexico City). In the field of the automotive industry, Mexico has implemented a relatively open policy, actively attracting foreign investment to set up factories locally. It has given up independent research and development of complete vehicles and made full use of free trade agreements, becoming one of the world's largest export-oriented automotive manufacturing countries.

1. Market Access Management System for Automotive Products in Mexico
   Up to now, Mexico has not established a complete market access management system for automotive products that is in line with international practices. For products in various fields of the national economy, including automotive products, the Mexican government formulates relevant standards for various types of products in accordance with the Mexican Federal Metrology and Standardization Law. The main government agency responsible for the market access management of various types of products, including automotive products, is the Ministry of Economy of Mexico. According to the provisions and authorizations of the Mexican Federal Metrology and Standardization Law, this department formulates and issues standards for products, which are divided into two major categories:

1. Mexican standards, briefly referred to as NMX standards. These standards are recommended standards that are not mandatory to meet.

2. Mexican official standards, briefly referred to as NOM standards, which are mandatory standards that products must meet to enter the Mexican market. In addition to being responsible for formulating and revising standards for various types of products, the Ministry of Economy of Mexico is also responsible for the accreditation and authorization of product certification authorities and laboratories. NOM standards are mandatory standards, and product certification in Mexico is called NOM certification. Products that have not passed the NOM certification are not allowed to enter the Mexican market. Currently, Mexico has only established a relatively complete NOM certification system for a limited number of product categories, including electronic, electrical, and communication products; lighting devices; medical equipment; tires; toys; school supplies; products driven by electricity, propane, natural gas, or batteries, etc.
   There is still no complete certification system established for automotive products. It is only stipulated in the Mexican Federal Metrology and Standardization Law and its supporting laws and regulations that new vehicles entering the Mexican market must meet the NOM standards for automobiles.

2. Government Agencies Responsible for the Market Access Management of the Automotive Industry
   a) Ministry of Economy (SE)
   b) Ministry of Transportation and Communications of Mexico (SCT)
   c) Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of Mexico (SEMARNAT)
   d) Federal Office of Environmental Protection Justice (PROFEPA)
   e) Ministry of Trade and Industrial Development of Mexico (SCFI)
3. Formulation and Revision of Automotive Technical Regulations (Standards) in Mexico
   The Ministry of Economy is generally responsible for the formulation and revision of standards. Professional standardization consultation (technical) committees composed of different government departments and groups formulate standards in their respective fields. There is no committee specifically for automotive products.
   The formulation of mandatory standards for automotive products is scattered among relevant committees. For example:
   ◆ The "National Standardization Consultative Committee on Consumer Safety, Commercial Information, and Business Practices" (led by the Ministry of Economy);
   ◆ The "National Standardization Consultative Committee on Land Transportation" (led by the Ministry of Transportation and Communications);
   ◆ The "National Standardization Consultative Committee on Environment and Natural Resources" (led and responsible for by the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources).
4. Automotive Technical Regulation System in Mexico
   Mexico has established an automotive technical regulation system for automotive products, mainly based on relevant regulations and mandatory official standards, covering automotive production, manufacturing, and use:
   ◆ Federal Highway Traffic Regulations;
   ◆ Traffic Regulations of Mexican States;
   ◆ Vehicle Safety Agreement: Mandatory installation of safety devices and components;
   ◆ Mandatory Official Standards (NOM)
   ◎ There are a limited number (about more than 10 items) of standards for ordinary new vehicle products, which still need to be further improved. The items can be divided into categories such as emissions, noise, and safety.